Which term describes information that is false and spread knowingly?

• A. Disinformation
• B. Mal-information
• C. Ontological Truth
• D. Moral Truth

Answer: (A)

Deliberate deception in information is described as disinformation. The key idea is intent: false information that is knowingly created and spread to mislead others. This sets it apart from misinformation, which is false information shared without the creator’s intention to deceive. Mal-information, on the other hand, involves true information that is used to harm or manipulate, not falsehood. So when information is both false and spread on purpose to influence people, it’s disinformation. An example would be a fabricated news story designed to sway public opinion about a political issue. The other terms don’t fit because they don’t capture the combination of falsehood and intentional dissemination.